People are about to go back to the Moon for the first time in 50 years. It is no longer just a race to get there, but the start of a whole new era of lunar exploration. Within a few years we may see [eople taking steps on the moonagain, mining precious resources and setting up long-term abses on Earth's constant companion. This report over 9 pages explores the reasons we are keen to go back, the new technology that will take us there and what lunar settlement could mean for humanity.